Forests – Biodiversity and Sustainability
Forests – Key Notes
UPSC | PSC – Environment & Ecology
Forests are one of the most important natural resources on Earth. They play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance, supporting biodiversity, and regulating climate systems.
Types of Forests
- Tropical Forests
- Temperate Forests
- Boreal (Taiga) Forests
- Mangrove Forests
- Dry Forests
Importance of Forests
- Act as carbon sinks by absorbing CO₂
- Support rich biodiversity
- Regulate rainfall and climate
- Prevent soil erosion
- Provide livelihoods to millions
Forests in India
- Forest cover is approximately 21–24% of total land area
- Highest forest cover: Madhya Pradesh
- Mangroves are found in Sundarbans
Government Policies
- National Forest Policy
- CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation)
- Green India Mission
Major Issues
- Deforestation due to industrialization and agriculture
- Forest fires
- Illegal exploitation of forest resources
- Climate change impact
Key Takeaways
- Forests = Ecological Balance
- Conservation = Sustainable Development
- Biodiversity protection is essential
Exam Focus:
Forest Types + Policies + Data = High Scoring Topic
Forest Types + Policies + Data = High Scoring Topic
Protect Nature for Future
Shaktimatha Learning
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