United Nations (UN) – Complete Guide for Competitive Exams
The United Nations (UN) is one of the most important international organizations in the world. It was established to maintain peace, security, and cooperation among countries.
1. Background and Formation
The UN was formed after World War II to prevent future conflicts and promote global peace.
- Established: 24 October 1945
- Headquarters: New York, USA
- Members: 193 countries
2. Objectives of UN
- Maintain international peace and security
- Promote friendly relations among nations
- Encourage social and economic development
- Protect human rights
3. Main Organs
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- ECOSOC
- International Court of Justice
- Secretariat
4. Security Council – Key Focus
- Total Members: 15
- Permanent Members (P5): USA, UK, Russia, China, France
- Veto Power: Only P5 countries
The Security Council is responsible for maintaining global peace and can take important decisions including sanctions and military actions.
5. Role of UN in Modern World
- Peacekeeping missions
- Humanitarian aid
- Climate action
- Global development goals (SDGs)
6. Advantages of UN
- Promotes global cooperation
- Helps resolve conflicts peacefully
- Supports developing countries
7. Criticism of UN
- Veto power creates imbalance
- Slow decision-making
- Limited enforcement power
8. Exam-Oriented Key Points
- UN → Established in 1945
- Members → 193
- P5 → USA, UK, Russia, China, France
- Headquarters → New York
9. Practice Questions
1. How many permanent members are in the UN Security Council?
Answer: 5
2. What is the main objective of the UN?
Answer: Maintain international peace and security
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