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Biodiversity & Protected Areas – Answers & Explanations

UPSC Prelims Practice | Page 3

1. Answer: B
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

2. Answer: B
Western Ghats is one of the four biodiversity hotspots in India.

3. Answer: C
India has 4 biodiversity hotspots: Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma, Sundaland.

4. Answer: B
Endemism means species restricted to a specific geographical region.

5. Answer: C
National Parks have strict protection with no human interference allowed.

6. Answer: B
Wildlife Sanctuaries allow limited human activities under regulation.

7. Answer: C
Biosphere Reserves aim at conservation along with sustainable development.

8. Answer: C
Kaziranga National Park is famous for the one-horned rhinoceros.

9. Answer: B
Gir National Park is located in Gujarat and is home to Asiatic lions.

10. Answer: B
Sundarbans is the largest mangrove ecosystem in the world.

11. Answer: B
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 provides legal protection to wildlife in India.

12. Answer: B
Conservation Reserves are declared and managed by the government.

13. Answer: B
Community Reserves involve participation of local communities in conservation.

14. Answer: D
Thar Desert is not a biodiversity hotspot.

15. Answer: C
Ecosystem includes interaction between living organisms and their environment.

16. Answer: B
Core zone of a biosphere reserve is strictly protected.

17. Answer: B
Buffer zone allows controlled human activities.

18. Answer: B
India is recognized as a mega biodiversity country.

19. Answer: B
Mangroves grow in coastal saline regions.

20. Answer: B
Biodiversity conservation ensures ecological balance and sustainability.

Key Insight:
UPSC often asks location-based and concept-based questions from biodiversity topics.

Exam Tip:
Focus on national parks, hotspots, and conservation categories for better scoring.

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