Page 2 – Daily Current Affairs
Date: 26 June 2026
Part 1 – Daily Current Affairs
1. Blue Economy and Sustainable Marine Development
India continues to promote the Blue Economy by encouraging the sustainable use of marine resources, strengthening coastal livelihoods, improving maritime infrastructure, and protecting ocean ecosystems for long-term economic growth.
• Economy
• Environment
• Maritime Security
• Sustainable Development
2. Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)
Digital Public Infrastructure is improving governance through secure digital identity, digital payments, and seamless delivery of public services. It promotes transparency, efficiency, and financial inclusion across the country.
• Governance
• Digital India
• E-Governance
3. Food Security and Nutrition
Improving agricultural productivity, strengthening food storage systems, and promoting nutritional security remain important priorities for achieving sustainable development and reducing hunger.
• Agriculture
• Food Security
• Inclusive Development
4. National Cyber Security
With rapid digital transformation, strengthening cyber security infrastructure, protecting critical information systems, and ensuring data privacy have become major national priorities.
• Internal Security
• Cyber Security
• Technology
5. Women-led Economic Development
Women's participation in entrepreneurship, skill development, financial inclusion, and leadership continues to contribute significantly to inclusive economic growth and sustainable development.
• Social Justice
• Women Empowerment
• Inclusive Growth
Part 2 – Special Topic
Indian Parliament
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the country. It represents the will of the people, enacts laws, exercises financial control over the executive, and ensures accountability in a democratic system.
Composition of Parliament
- President of India
- Lok Sabha (House of the People)
- Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
Together, these three constitute the Parliament of India.
Major Functions of Parliament
- Enacts laws for the country.
- Approves the Union Budget and financial proposals.
- Exercises control over the Executive.
- Discusses national and international issues.
- Amends the Constitution whenever required.
- Represents the interests of the people.
Lok Sabha vs Rajya Sabha
| Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha |
|---|---|
| Directly elected by the people. | Members are elected by State Legislative Assemblies. |
| Maximum strength: 552 members. | Maximum strength: 250 members. |
| Normal tenure: Five years. | Permanent House; one-third members retire every two years. |
| Has greater powers over Money Bills. | Can recommend changes but has limited powers over Money Bills. |
Key UPSC Points
- Question Hour.
- Zero Hour.
- Parliamentary Committees.
- Money Bill.
- Ordinary Bill.
- Constitution Amendment Bill.
- Joint Sitting of Parliament.
Quick Revision
- Parliament = President + Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha.
- Lok Sabha is the directly elected House.
- Rajya Sabha is the permanent House.
- Money Bills can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha.
- Article 79 deals with the Constitution of Parliament.
Part 3 – UPSC Mains Questions & Model Answers
Question 1 (10 Marks)
"Discuss the role of the Parliament of India in strengthening democratic governance."
Model Answer
Introduction:
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative institution established under the Constitution. It represents the people, enacts laws, ensures executive accountability, and protects democratic values.
Role of Parliament:
- Enacts laws for national governance.
- Represents the aspirations of the people.
- Exercises financial control through the Budget process.
- Holds the Executive accountable through debates, Question Hour, and committees.
- Amends the Constitution whenever necessary.
- Discusses important national and international issues.
Challenges:
- Frequent disruptions of parliamentary proceedings.
- Reduced time for legislative debates.
- Declining scrutiny of Bills.
- Growing political polarization.
Way Forward:
- Strengthen Parliamentary Committees.
- Ensure meaningful debates on legislation.
- Increase transparency and public participation.
- Improve legislative research support for Members.
Conclusion:
An effective Parliament strengthens democracy by ensuring transparency, accountability, and citizen participation while protecting constitutional governance.
Question 2 (15 Marks)
"Differentiate between the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. Evaluate their significance in the Indian parliamentary system."
Model Answer
Introduction:
The Indian Parliament consists of two Houses—the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. Together they ensure representative, balanced, and federal law-making.
Differences:
- Lok Sabha is directly elected by the people; Rajya Sabha represents the States.
- Lok Sabha has a normal tenure of five years; Rajya Sabha is a permanent House.
- Money Bills originate only in the Lok Sabha.
- The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible only to the Lok Sabha.
- Rajya Sabha provides continuity and represents the federal structure.
Importance:
- Ensures checks and balances in legislation.
- Protects the interests of States.
- Promotes detailed legislative scrutiny.
- Strengthens cooperative federalism.
- Enhances democratic deliberation.
Conclusion:
Both Houses perform complementary roles. Their combined functioning strengthens India's parliamentary democracy and constitutional governance.
UPSC Answer Writing Tips
- Begin with a constitutional definition or relevant Article.
- Use headings and sub-headings for clarity.
- Support arguments with constitutional provisions and current examples.
- Present balanced analysis by discussing both strengths and challenges.
- Conclude with a forward-looking constitutional perspective.
Part 4 – UPSC Prelims MCQs
Question 1
Which Article of the Constitution provides for the Parliament of India?
- Article 32
- Article 79
- Article 124
- Article 356
Question 2
Which House of Parliament is known as the House of the People?
- Rajya Sabha
- Lok Sabha
- Legislative Council
- State Assembly
Question 3
Money Bills can be introduced only in:
- Rajya Sabha
- Supreme Court
- Lok Sabha
- State Legislature
Question 4
Which of the following is a permanent House?
- Lok Sabha
- Rajya Sabha
- Legislative Assembly
- Gram Sabha
Question 5
The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to:
- Rajya Sabha
- President of India
- Supreme Court
- Lok Sabha
Quick Revision
- Article 79 establishes the Parliament of India.
- Parliament consists of the President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha.
- Lok Sabha is the directly elected House.
- Rajya Sabha is the permanent House.
- Money Bills originate only in the Lok Sabha.
- The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
Today's Motivation
"Knowledge grows through consistent learning.
Discipline builds confidence.
Persistence transforms dreams into achievements."
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