Oscillations & Simple Harmonic Motion
Stage 2 – Page 5 | Final Board Revision & Formula Sheet
1. Core Definitions (Must Remember)
- Oscillatory Motion: To and fro motion about mean position
- SHM: a ∝ −x (restoring force towards mean position)
- Amplitude (A): Maximum displacement
- Time Period (T): Time for one oscillation
- Frequency (f): f = 1/T
- Angular Frequency (ω): ω = 2π/T
2. Fundamental Equations of SHM
x = A sin(ωt + φ)
v = ω√(A² − x²)
a = −ω²x
- Velocity is maximum at mean position
- Acceleration is maximum at extreme positions
3. Time Period Formulae (Very Important)
- Spring–Mass System: T = 2π√(m/k)
- Simple Pendulum: T = 2π√(L/g) (small angle)
Remember: Spring → independent of g Pendulum → depends on g
4. Energy in SHM
KE = ½mω²(A² − x²)
PE = ½mω²x²
Total Energy = ½mω²A² (constant)
- KE max at mean position
- PE max at extremes
5. Damping & Resonance (Conceptual)
- Damping: Gradual loss of amplitude
- Critical damping: Fastest return without oscillation
- Resonance: Max amplitude when driving frequency = natural frequency
6. Board-Exam Do’s
- Write formula first
- Underline final answers
- Mention assumptions (small angle)
- Draw neat graphs where required
- Use correct units
7. Board-Exam Don’ts
- Do not skip derivation steps
- Do not mix ω and f
- Do not forget negative sign in acceleration
- Do not assume amplitude affects time period
8. 15-Minute Last-Day Revision Plan
- Read definitions (3 min)
- Revise formulas (4 min)
- Energy relations (3 min)
- Time period comparison (3 min)
- Common mistakes (2 min)
Final Board Message:
SHM is not difficult — clarity + presentation = full marks.
Stage 2 – Page 5 Completed Successfully ✅
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🔹 Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) — Core Series
Coverage: Concepts → PYQs → Advanced Thinking → Exam Readiness
- SHM – Final Exam Day Checklist
- SHM Part 2
- SHM Part 3
- SHM Part 4
- SHM Part 5
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- SHM Part 7
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- SHM Part 9
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- SHM Part 21
- SHM Part 22
- SHM Part 23
- SHM Part 24
- SHM Part 25
- SHM Part 26
- SHM Part 27
- SHM Part 28
- SHM Part 29
🔹 Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) — Extended Series (30–56)
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