🔥 Thermodynamics – Stage 2

Page 6 : Isothermal vs Adiabatic Process (JEE Advanced Core)

Most JEE Advanced thermodynamics errors come from confusing isothermal and adiabatic. This page fixes that permanently.

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1️⃣ Isothermal Process (Quick Recall)

Definition: Process in which temperature remains constant.

👉 ΔT = 0
👉 Heat exchange occurs (Q ≠ 0)
👉 Internal energy change = 0 (for ideal gas)

Equation: PV = constant

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2️⃣ Adiabatic Process (Quick Recall)

Definition: Process in which no heat exchange takes place.

👉 Q = 0
👉 Temperature changes
👉 Internal energy changes

Equation: PV^γ = constant

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3️⃣ Isothermal vs Adiabatic – Comparison Table

Aspect	Isothermal	Adiabatic
Heat Exchange	Q ≠ 0	Q = 0
Temperature	Constant	Changes
Equation	PV = constant	PVγ = constant
Internal Energy	No change	Changes
P–V Curve	Less steep	More steep

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4️⃣ P–V Graph Insight (High Yield)

Starting from same initial point:

• Isothermal curve lies above adiabatic curve
• Adiabatic pressure falls faster during expansion

⚠ JEE often asks which curve is steeper → ADIABATIC

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5️⃣ Work Done Comparison

For same initial and final volume:

✔ Work (Isothermal) > Work (Adiabatic)

❌ Many students think adiabatic work is more — WRONG

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6️⃣ Typical JEE Advanced Trap Statements

• Fast process is not always adiabatic
• Q = 0 does not imply T = constant
• ΔU = 0 does not imply Q = 0
• Same P–V curve ≠ same thermodynamic process

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7️⃣ One-Line Ranker Rule

Constant temperature → ISOTHERMAL
No heat exchange → ADIABATIC

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✅ Stage 2 – Page 6 Completed
➡️ Next: Stage 2 – Page 7 : Cyclic Process & Heat Engine (Work from Graphs)

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🔥 Thermodynamics – Objective Final Revision

Thermodynamics – Set 1
Set 2
Set 3
Set 4
Set 5
Set 6
Set 7
Set 8
Set 9
Set 10
Set 11
Set 12
Set 13
Set 14
Set 15
Set 16
Set 17
Set 18
Set 19
Set 20
Set 21
Set 22
Set 23
Set 24
Set 25
Set 26
Set 27
Set 28
Set 29
Set 30
Set 31
Set 32
Set 33
Set 34
Set 35
Set 36
Set 37
Set 38
Set 39
Set 40
Set 41
Set 42
Set 43
Set 44
Set 45
Set 46
Set 47
Set 48
Set 49
Set 50
Set 51
Set 52
Set 53
Set 54
Set 55
Set 56
Set 57
Set 59

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