Thermodynamics – Objective Set

Page 2 : Questions 11–20 (IIT-JEE Advanced)

Q11. An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process. The net change in internal energy is:

• A) Positive
• B) Negative
• C) Zero
• D) Depends on cycle

Answer: C

Explanation: Internal energy is a state function. In a cycle, initial = final ⇒ ΔU = 0.

                                             

Q12. A gas is compressed adiabatically. Which increases?

• A) Temperature only
• B) Internal energy only
• C) Pressure only
• D) All of these

Answer: D

Explanation: Adiabatic compression ⇒ work done on gas ⇒ ΔU ↑ ⇒ T ↑ ⇒ P ↑.

Q13. For an ideal gas, which relation is correct?

• A) PV = constant (all processes)
• B) PV^γ = constant (adiabatic)
• C) P/T = constant (all processes)
• D) V/T = constant (adiabatic)

Answer: B

Explanation: Adiabatic condition: PV^γ = constant.

Q14. Which process appears as a vertical line on a P–V diagram?

• A) Isothermal
• B) Isobaric
• C) Isochoric
• D) Adiabatic

Answer: C

Explanation: Isochoric ⇒ volume constant ⇒ vertical line.

Q15. Heat supplied to a system goes into:

• A) Increasing temperature only
• B) Doing work only
• C) Both internal energy and work
• D) Entropy only

Answer: C

Explanation: First law: Q = ΔU + W.

Q16. Which curve is steeper on a P–V diagram?

• A) Isothermal
• B) Adiabatic
• C) Isobaric
• D) Isochoric

Answer: B

Explanation: Adiabatic curve is steeper than isothermal.

Q17. For a monoatomic ideal gas, γ is:

• A) 1.33
• B) 1.40
• C) 1.50
• D) 1.67

Answer: D

Explanation: γ = (f+2)/f = 5/3 for monoatomic gas.

Q18. Which process involves no heat exchange?

• A) Isothermal
• B) Isochoric
• C) Adiabatic
• D) Isobaric

Answer: C

Explanation: Adiabatic ⇒ Q = 0.

Q19. In an isobaric process, work done equals:

• A) PΔV
• B) VΔP
• C) Δ(PV)
• D) Zero

Answer: A

Explanation: Constant pressure ⇒ W = P(V₂ − V₁).

Q20. Which statement is FALSE?

• A) Heat is path dependent
• B) Work is path dependent
• C) Internal energy is path dependent
• D) Temperature is a state variable

Answer: C

Explanation: Internal energy is a state function, not path dependent.

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