Thermodynamics – Objective Questions
Page 5 : Numerical Concept Builders
Q41. One mole of ideal gas expands isothermally at 300 K from volume V to 2V. Calculate work done.
- A) 300R ln2
- B) RT ln2
- C) 2RT ln2
- D) Zero
Answer: A
Explanation: W = nRT ln(V₂/V₁) = 1 × R × 300 × ln2
Q42. An ideal gas undergoes an isochoric process. Work done is:
- A) Positive
- B) Negative
- C) Zero
- D) Maximum
Answer: C
Explanation: Volume constant ⇒ W = ∫PdV = 0
Q43. One mole monoatomic gas is heated at constant volume so that temperature rises by 100 K. Heat supplied is:
- A) (3/2)R × 100
- B) (5/2)R × 100
- C) R × 100
- D) Zero
Answer: A
Explanation: Q = nCvΔT = (3/2)R × 100
Q44. In adiabatic expansion, the work done comes from:
- A) External heat
- B) Internal energy
- C) Enthalpy
- D) Kinetic energy of piston
Answer: B
Explanation: No heat exchange ⇒ work done reduces internal energy.
Q45. A gas undergoes a cyclic process. Net change in internal energy is:
- A) Positive
- B) Negative
- C) Zero
- D) Depends on path
Answer: C
Explanation: Internal energy is a state function.
Q46. During free expansion of an ideal gas:
- A) Temperature decreases
- B) Temperature increases
- C) Temperature remains constant
- D) Depends on gas
Answer: C
Explanation: No work, no heat ⇒ ΔU = 0 ⇒ T constant.
Q47. A gas expands isobarically. Which is correct?
- A) Q = W
- B) Q > W
- C) Q < W
- D) Q = 0
Answer: B
Explanation: Heat increases internal energy + work done.
Q48. Which quantity depends only on temperature for ideal gas?
- A) Pressure
- B) Volume
- C) Internal energy
- D) Work done
Answer: C
Explanation: U = f(T) only.
Q49. For an isothermal process of ideal gas:
- A) ΔU = 0
- B) ΔU > 0
- C) ΔU < 0
- D) ΔU = W
Answer: A
Explanation: Internal energy depends only on temperature.
Q50. Which process gives maximum work between two fixed volumes?
- A) Adiabatic
- B) Isothermal
- C) Isochoric
- D) Isobaric
Answer: B
Explanation: Area under isothermal curve is maximum.
Focus: Numerical clarity + exam-safe logic
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